Comparison and Combination of Solvent Extraction and Adsorption for Crude Glycerol Enrichment

Mali Hunsom, Payia Saila, Penpisuth Chaiyakam, Winata Kositnan

Abstract


A comparative study of enrichment of crude glycerol via solvent extraction and adsorption was performed at a laboratory scale at ambient temperature (30 oC). Effect of various parameters on the properties of the obtained glycerol including glycerol-, ash- and contaminant contents and color, was explored. The results showed that the enrichment of glycerol by solvent extraction was significantly affected by the solvent type and ratio of solvent to pre-treated crude glycerol. The use of n-C3H7OH at a ratio of 2.0 gave the highest purity of glycerol, but the lowest color reduction. The use of C4H10O at a ratio of 1.0 gave a low glycerol content but the highest color removal. On the other hand, adsorption with activated carbon gave poor glycerol purity of 70.3 wt.% but it could decrease the color by more than 97.1%. The combined process of extraction with n-C3H7OH at a ratio of 2.0 followed by activated carbon adsorption gave the highest glycerol purity with color removal to a clear solution. The cost analysis of crude glycerol enrichment by the combined approach was also explored.


Keywords


Crude glycerol; Extraction; Adsorption; Enrichment

Full Text:

PDF

References


L.R. Morrison, Glycerol. In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of chemical technology. New York, Wiley, 1994, (Book)

Z. Wang, J. Zhuge, H. Fang, B.A. Prior, “Glycerol production by microbial fermentation: A reviewâ€, Biotechnol. Adv., vol. 19, pp. 201-223, June 2001. (Article)

M.J. Taherzadeh, L. Adler, G. Lidén, “Strategies for enhancing fermentative production of glycerol -a reviewâ€, Enzyme Microb. Technol., vol. 31, pp. 53-56, July 2002. (Article)

M. Hájek, F. Skopal, “Treatment of glycerol phase formed by biodiesel productionâ€, Biores. Technol., vol. 101, pp. 3242-3245, May 2010. (Article)

Ministry of Thailand. http://www.energy.go.th/

moen/Index.aspx? MenuID=60N, 2007. (Reports)

N. Rahmat, A.Z. Abdullah, A.R. Mohamed, “Recent progress on innovative and potential technologies for glycerol transformation into fuel additives: A critical reviewâ€, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 14, pp. 987-1000, April 2010. (Article)

T.L. Ooi, K.L. Yong, K. Dzulkefly, W.M.Z. Wan Yunus, A.H. Hazimah, “Crude glycerine recovery from glycerol residue waste from a palmkernel oilmethyl ester plantsâ€, J. Oil Palm Res., vol. 13, pp. 16-22, December 2001. (Article)

Lancrenon X, Fedders J, An innovation in glycerin puriï¬cation. Biodiesel Magazine. May 2008. (Article)

F. Schaffner, P.Y. Pontalier, V. Sanchez, F. Lutin, “Bipolar electrodialysis for glycerin production from diester wastesâ€, Filtra. Separ., vol. 40, pp. 35-39, December 2003. (Article)

M. Carmona, J. Valverde, A. Prez, “Puriï¬cation of glycerol/water solutions from biodiesel synthesis by ion exchange: sodium removal Part Iâ€, J. Chem. Techno. Biotechnol., vol. 84, pp. 738-744, May 2009. (Article)

M. Carmona, A. Lech, A. de Lucas, A. Perez, J.F. Rodriguez, “Puriï¬cation of glycerol/water solutions from biodiesel synthesis by ion exchange: sodium and chloride removal Part IIâ€, J. Chem. Techno. Biotechnol., vol. 84, pp. 1130-1135, August 2009. (Article)

W.N.R.W. Isahak, M. Ismail, M.A. Yarmo, J.M. Jahim, J. Salimon, “Purification of crude glycerol from transesterification RBD palm oil over homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for the biolubricant preparation†J. Appl. Sci., vol. 10, pp. 2590-2595, November 2010. (Article)

S. Kongjao, S. Damronglerd, M. Hunsom, “Puriï¬cation of crude glycerol derived from waste used-oil methyl ester plantâ€, Korean J. Chem. Eng., vol. 27, pp. 944-949, May 2010. (Article)

A. Javani, M. Hasheminejad, K. Tahvildari, M. Tabatabaei, “High quality potassium phosphate production through step-by-step glycerol enrichment: A strategy to economize biodiesel productionâ€, Biores. Technol., vol. 104, pp. 788-790, January 2012. (Article)

R. Manosak, S. Limpattayanate, M. Hunsom. Sequential-refining of crude glycerol derived from waste used-oil methyl ester plant via a combined process of chemical and adsorption. Fuel Process. Technol., vol. 92, pp. 92-99, January 2010. (Article)

D.T. Johnson, K.A. Taconi, “The glycerin glut: options for the value-added conversion of crude glycerol resulting from biodiesel productionâ€, Eng. Prog., vol. 26, pp. 338-343, October 2007. (Article)

J.A. Byers, Solvent polarity and miscibility (Online). Available from: http://www. chemical-ecology.net/

java/solvents.htm, 2003. (Report)

D.S. Faust, M.O. Aly. Chemistry of Wastewater Treatment, Butterworths. Boston, 1983. (Book)

I.A.W Tan, A.L. Ahmad, B.H. Hameed, “Adsorption of basic dye on high-surface-area activated carbon prepared from coconut husk: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studiesâ€, J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 154, pp. 337-346, June 2008. (Article)

K.C. Yong, T.L. Ooi, K. Dzulkefly, W.M.Z. Wan Yunus, A.H. Hazimah, “Refining of crude glycerine recovered from glyceol residue by simple vacuum distillationâ€, J. Oil Palm Res., vol. 13, pp. 39-44, December 2001. (Article)




DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v3i2.608.g6150

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Online ISSN: 1309-0127

Publisher: Gazi University

IJRER is cited in SCOPUS, EBSCO, WEB of SCIENCE (Clarivate Analytics);

IJRER has been cited in Emerging Sources Citation Index from 2016 in web of science.

WEB of SCIENCE between 2020-2022; 

h=30,

Average citation per item=5.73

Impact Factor=(1638+1731+1808)/(189+170+221)=9.24

Category Quartile:Q4